Omega-3 and L-Carnitine Supplementation for Fertility

Introduction to Fertility Supplements

The International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommends a baseline daily intake of 500 mg of EPA+DHA for healthy humans, which should be increased when attempting conception 1, 2, 3

Women attempting natural conception should take omega-3 supplements providing 1000-2000 mg of combined EPA+DHA daily, with an EPA:DHA ratio of at least 2:1, as this ratio appears more effective for biological outcomes including potential fertility benefits 4, 5, 6
Alternatively, consume at least two servings per week of fatty fish (such as salmon, mackerel, herring, sardines, albacore tuna) to provide natural omega-3 sources 7, 4
Pregnant and nursing women should limit fish consumption to 2 servings weekly due to mercury concerns, making purified supplements a safer option for achieving higher omega-3 intakes 7, 4

Doses up to 5 grams daily of combined EPA+DHA do not increase bleeding risk in adults, though doses above 3 grams should be taken under physician supervision 8, 4
Mild gastrointestinal symptoms (such as fishy taste, belching, nausea) are the most common side effects, but serious adverse effects are rare 5, 8
Fish oil supplements are methylmercury-free, making them safer than high fish consumption during preconception and pregnancy 7

No cited facts are available for L-Carnitine supplementation, as all relevant information is marked [ignore ref]

For couples trying to conceive, the female partner should begin omega-3 supplementation at 1000-2000 mg EPA+DHA daily (EPA:DHA ratio ≥2:1) 4
Both partners should consume at least two servings of low-mercury fatty fish weekly as an adjunct to supplementation 7, 4
Monitor for gastrointestinal side effects and adjust timing of supplementation (with meals) if needed 5, 8