Estradiol Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Implications

Route-Specific Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Implications

• Transdermal administration is preferred because it avoids hepatic first-pass metabolism, minimizes impact on hemostatic factors, and provides more physiological serum concentrations, as recommended by guideline societies, with moderate strength of evidence 1
• The American College of Physicians and other medical societies may support the preference for transdermal administration due to its ability to provide more physiological serum concentrations, although the specific guideline is not mentioned here, with low strength of evidence 2