Epstein‑Barr Virus (EBV) Transmission and Prevention

Primary Oral‑Salivary Transmission

• EBV is transmitted mainly through intimate oral contact with infected saliva; the virus enters the host via the oropharyngeal mucosa, infects epithelial cells and B lymphocytes, and establishes lifelong latency 1

High‑Risk Situations in Adolescents and Young Adults

• Saliva exchange during intimate kissing is the predominant route of spread among adolescents and young adults 1
• Close personal contact in group settings (e.g., sports teams, schools) facilitates endemic EBV transmission among adolescents 1

Practical Preventive Measures

• Avoid sharing items that contact saliva—such as drinking vessels, water bottles, and cups—to reduce the risk of EBV infection 1