Venom-Induced Coagulopathy and Neurotoxicity

Venom Characteristics and Clinical Implications

The venom of Russell's viper contains metalloproteinases that directly activate Factor X in the coagulation cascade, which is why Russell's viper venom (RVV) is used diagnostically in laboratory assays for measuring coagulation abnormalities 1, 2
Common krait venom causes respiratory depression requiring ventilatory support, as the neurotoxins cause respiratory muscle paralysis 3
For common krait bites, pressure immobilization (40-70 mmHg) is particularly beneficial to slow neurotoxin dissemination through lymphatic channels, and the recommended initial antivenom dose is 10 vials 4, 3

For Russell's viper bites, pressure immobilization may be less beneficial or potentially harmful as it concentrates cytotoxic venom in one area 3