Estrogen Receptors on Facial Skin
Distribution and Functional Significance
- Facial skin expresses both classical estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) as well as non-classical membrane-bound estrogen receptors (G protein-coupled receptors), which are found in multiple skin cell types, including vascular endothelial cells, where they affect vasomotor tone and blood flow 1, 2
- The American Heart Association acknowledges that estrogen receptors are present in vascular endothelial cells in facial skin, affecting blood flow and vasomotor tone 1, 2