Celiac Disease Diagnosis Using Deamidated Gliadin Antibodies

Introduction to Deamidated Gliadin Antibodies

Deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) antibodies are serological markers used in celiac disease diagnosis that can be measured as either IgA or IgG isotypes, recognizing gliadin peptides modified by the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTG) 1
The American Gastroenterological Association recommends IgG deamidated gliadin peptides as an option for testing in IgA-deficient patients 4

Anti-DGP antibodies have reasonably high accuracy for celiac disease diagnosis, although generally considered inferior to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA testing 1
In clinical practice, anti-deamidated gliadin antibodies are tested as specific immunoglobulin isotypes, including Anti-DGP IgA and Anti-DGP IgG, which measure immunoglobulin A and G antibodies against deamidated gliadin peptides, respectively 3
Anti-DGP testing should be performed while patients are on a gluten-containing diet to avoid false negative results 1, 4

In children under 2 years of age, combining tTG-IgA with IgG and IgA deamidated gliadin peptides is recommended for improved sensitivity 5
Anti-DGP IgG is the preferred test in IgA-deficient patients suspected of having celiac disease 4
In standard celiac disease testing, IgA tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA) remains the primary recommended screening test 4