Modafinil Side Effects and Considerations

Common Side Effects

• Insomnia and diarrhea are common side effects of modafinil, affecting patients, as reported by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 1, 2
• Dry mouth is also a common side effect of modafinil, as noted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 1, 2

Serious Side Effects

• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine reports that modafinil can cause serious skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, particularly in pediatric patients 1, 3
• Modafinil is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance due to its potential for abuse or dependency, as stated by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 1, 3

Cardiovascular Effects

• The American Geriatrics Society recommends monitoring for increased blood pressure and heart rate in patients taking modafinil 4
• Palpitations are a potential cardiovascular effect of modafinil, as reported by the American Geriatrics Society 4

Special Considerations

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine notes that modafinil may cause fetal harm based on animal data, and human data are insufficient to determine risk 1, 2
• A 2018 report showed higher rates of major congenital anomalies in children exposed to modafinil in utero, as reported by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 1, 2

Abuse Potential

• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine states that modafinil has lower abuse potential compared to amphetamines and methylphenidate, but physical and psychological dependence is possible 3

Dosing Considerations

• Typical dosing of modafinil is 200-400 mg daily, taken in the morning or divided between morning and midday, as recommended by the American Geriatrics Society 4

Monitoring Recommendations

• The American Geriatrics Society recommends more frequent follow-up when starting or adjusting doses of modafinil, and monitoring for adverse effects including hypertension, palpitations, arrhythmias, and irritability 4