Knee Examination Guidelines

Introduction to Knee Examination

• A systematic approach to the knee examination should include inspection, palpation, range of motion testing, and special tests to identify the source of pain and guide appropriate management 1

Key Components of Knee Examination

• Observe for deformity, swelling, ecchymosis, and erythema to assess injury severity 1
• Document the ability to flex to at least 90 degrees 1
• Document the ability to bear weight (taking at least 4 steps) as this influences management decisions 1
• Not documenting weight-bearing ability may result in incomplete assessment 1

Imaging Considerations

• Based on the physical exam findings, consider radiographs for chronic knee pain (>6 weeks) or acute trauma meeting specific criteria 2
• The American College of Radiology recommends radiographs for patients with joint effusion, suspected osteochondritis dissecans, or loose bodies 3, 4