Evaluation and Management of Elevated Serum Creatinine

Initial Diagnostic Approach

Definitions of AKI and CKD

Management of Stage 1 AKI (Creatinine ↑ ≥ 0.3 mg/dL but < 2× baseline)

Management of Advanced AKI (Stage 2‑3) and Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS‑AKI)

Indications for Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT)

Chronic Kidney Disease Medication Management

Monitoring Frequency

Nephrology Referral Criteria

Special Considerations in Cirrhosis

Guidelines for Rechecking Mildly Elevated Serum Creatinine

Timing of Reassessment Based on Magnitude of Change

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Monitoring

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Diagnosis and Follow‑Up

Medication‑Related Monitoring (Renin‑Angiotensin System Blockade)

Assessment of Volume Status