Classification of Personality Disorders

Diagnostic Criteria

• The American Psychiatric Association proposes a dimensional-categorical hybrid model for personality disorders, which includes the assessment of impairments in personality functioning and the evaluation of pathological personality traits across five domains, including Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism 1, 2
• The World Health Organization's ICD-11 characterizes personality disorders by problems in functioning of aspects of self and interpersonal dysfunction, and differentiates them by severity, allowing specification of maladaptive personality traits such as negative affectivity, detachment, dissociality, disinhibition, anankastia, and borderline pattern 2, 3, 4, 1

Comparison of Diagnostic Approaches

• The ICD-11 approach to personality disorders is primarily dimensional, similar to the DSM-5 alternative model, and includes the evaluation of personality traits such as negative affectivity, detachment, and disinhibition 2, 3