Praxis Medical Insights

Est. 2024 • Clinical Guidelines Distilled

Made possible by volunteer editors from the University of Calgary & University of Alberta

Last Updated: 9/21/2025

Creatine Supplementation Guidelines

Introduction to Creatine Supplementation

  • The British Journal of Sports Medicine recommends taking creatine daily during both loading and maintenance phases to optimize muscle creatine stores and enhance performance in high-intensity, short-duration activities 1

Dosing Protocol

  • The evidence-based approach to creatine supplementation follows a structured protocol, with a loading phase of 20 g/day divided into four equal doses for 5-7 days to rapidly saturate muscle creatine stores 1
  • A maintenance phase of 3-5 g/day as a single daily dose is recommended for the duration of supplementation to sustain muscle creatine stores 1
  • Lower dose approaches of 2-5 g/day for 28 days can avoid associated weight gain while still increasing muscle creatine stores 1

Important Timing Consideration

  • Daily consumption is required because muscle creatine levels return to baseline approximately 4-6 weeks after stopping supplementation 1
  • Concurrent consumption with a mixed protein/carbohydrate source may enhance muscle creatine uptake via insulin stimulation 1

Performance Benefits

  • Creatine supplementation improves high-intensity repeated sprint performance by increasing muscle creatine stores and phosphocreatine resynthesis 1
  • Creatine supplementation enhances training capacity and chronic training adaptations, including muscle strength, power, and lean body mass 1
  • Creatine supplementation may support brain function with regular supplementation 1

Safety Profile

  • Potential 1-2 kg body mass increase after loading phase 1
  • No negative health effects following appropriate protocols at recommended doses 1

Clinical Bottom Line

  • Daily maintenance dosing of 3-5 g is the evidence-based standard for athletes in high-intensity strength or sprint training 1
  • Discontinuation of creatine supplementation leads to return to baseline levels within 4-6 weeks 1