Management of Restless Legs Syndrome

Substances to Avoid

• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that patients with Restless Legs Syndrome avoid alcohol, as consumption can trigger or worsen symptoms and disrupt sleep quality 1, 2
• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests that patients with Restless Legs Syndrome avoid caffeine, found in coffee, tea, chocolate, and some medications, as it can exacerbate RLS symptoms 1, 2
• Nicotine should be avoided, especially close to bedtime, in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome 3
• Heavy meals should be avoided within 3 hours of bedtime in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome 3

Medications to Avoid or Use with Caution

• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that patients with Restless Legs Syndrome avoid antihistamines, including over-the-counter sleep aids and allergy medications, as they can worsen RLS symptoms 1, 2
• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests that patients with Restless Legs Syndrome avoid serotonergic medications, such as certain antidepressants, as they can exacerbate RLS symptoms 1, 2
• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that patients with Restless Legs Syndrome avoid antidopaminergic medications, including many antipsychotics and anti-nausea drugs, as they can worsen RLS symptoms 1, 2
• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests against the standard use of levodopa in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome due to the high risk of augmentation 1, 2

Sleep Habits to Avoid

• Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome should maintain a consistent sleep schedule and avoid irregular sleep schedules 3
• Bright light exposure at night should be avoided in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome, as it can disrupt sleep quality 3
• Looking at the clock can increase anxiety and worsen sleep quality in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome, and should be avoided 3
• A poor sleep environment, such as one that is not dark, quiet, and comfortable, should be avoided in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome 3

Medical Conditions to Address

• The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that patients with Restless Legs Syndrome and iron deficiency be treated with supplementation if ferritin ≤75 ng/mL or transferrin saturation <20% 1, 2
• Untreated obstructive sleep apnea should be addressed in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome, as it can exacerbate RLS symptoms 1, 2

Practical Tips

• Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome should avoid sedentary activities for long periods, especially in the evening 3
• Avoiding high-intensity exercise close to bedtime is recommended for patients with Restless Legs Syndrome, though moderate exercise earlier in the day may be beneficial 4