Mastitis Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines

Diagnostic Considerations

The American College of Radiology recommends against ductography in lactating women or patients with active mastitis 1, 2, 3

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends continuing breastfeeding or milk expression, appropriate antibiotic therapy targeting Staphylococcus aureus, and drainage of any formed abscess for the hospital treatment of mastitis 4
Hospitalization is indicated for patients with fever and chills, systemic involvement, or concern for sepsis, requiring close monitoring and intravenous antibiotics 4
The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests providing a breast pump if prolonged separation occurs to reduce the risk of worsening, and access to trained lactation personnel is essential for continued support 4

Approximately 10% of mastitis cases progress to breast abscesses, which require drainage 4
Continuing breastfeeding is possible on the affected side as long as the baby's mouth does not come into contact with purulent drainage from the breast 4

Early treatment of mastitis and continued breastfeeding can help prevent complications, and discontinuing breastfeeding during treatment can worsen the condition 4