Diagnosis and Treatment of Panic Disorder

Diagnosis

The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry recommends assessing for medical conditions that can mimic panic symptoms, including asthma 4
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry suggests assessing for comorbid conditions that commonly occur with panic disorder, such as major depressive disorder, other anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and agoraphobia 4, 5
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry recommends using structured diagnostic interviews to confirm diagnosis according to DSM-5 criteria, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) as an initial screening tool, with scores ≥10 indicating moderate to severe anxiety symptoms requiring further evaluation 1, 2, 3

The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry recommends cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as the most effective psychotherapeutic approach for panic disorder, with key components including psychoeducation, diaphragmatic breathing techniques, and in vivo exposure to feared situations 1
The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry suggests that treatment should be continued for at least 9-12 months after symptom remission to prevent relapse, and that benzodiazepines can be effective for acute symptom management but carry risk of dependence 1

The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry recommends cultural adaptations to CBT, including incorporating mindfulness techniques for Asian Americans, addressing culturally specific manifestations of panic for Hispanic/Latino patients, and emphasizing in vivo exposure for African Americans 1