Pediatric Management of Fever, Cough, Vomiting, and Loose Stools

Fever Management

For a 14 kg child, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends giving 140-210 mg of acetaminophen per dose 1
For a 14 kg child, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends giving 140 mg of ibuprofen per dose 1

The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests administering racemic epinephrine 0.5 mL/kg of 1:1000 solution (maximum 5 mL) via nebulizer for immediate intervention in cases of stridor at rest, retractions, or difficulty breathing 1
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend amoxicillin 45-90 mg/kg/day divided into 2 doses for 10 days for pneumonia treatment 2
For mild-moderate community-acquired pneumonia, the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommends 45 mg/kg/day in 2 doses 2
For severe pneumonia or high pneumococcal resistance areas, the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommends 90 mg/kg/day in 2 doses 2
The maximum daily dose of amoxicillin is 4000 mg (4 g) 2
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends azithromycin 10 mg/kg on day 1, followed by 5 mg/kg/day once daily on days 2-5 for atypical pneumonia treatment 3

The World Health Organization recommends reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution (ORS) as first-line therapy for mild to moderate dehydration 4
The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests dosing for mild-moderate dehydration at 50-100 mL/kg ORS over 3-4 hours 4
For ongoing replacement during vomiting, the World Health Organization recommends 60-120 mL ORS per vomiting episode for children <10 kg, up to ~500 mL/day 4
For children >10 kg, the World Health Organization recommends 120-240 mL ORS per vomiting episode, up to ~1 L/day 4

The World Health Organization recommends oral rehydration solution (ORS) as the cornerstone of diarrhea management regardless of cause 4
For ongoing replacement during diarrhea, the World Health Organization recommends 60-120 mL ORS per diarrheal stool for children <10 kg, up to ~500 mL/day 4
For children >10 kg, the World Health Organization recommends 120-240 mL ORS per diarrheal stool, up to ~1 L/day 4
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends continuing breastfeeding throughout the illness 4
The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests resuming age-appropriate normal diet after rehydration is complete 4

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends completing antibiotic courses even if symptoms improve before completion 2
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest that children on appropriate therapy should show clinical improvement within 48-72 hours; if not, reevaluation is necessary 2